Bayan yarjejeniyar sulhu da Mu’awiya, Imam Hasan (a.s) ya koma Madina inda ya shafe kusan shekara 10 yana raya addini da sunnonin Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w). Wannan lokaci ya kasance daga cikin mafi wahala a rayuwarsa, domin Mu’awiya yafahimci girma da karɓuwa da Imam (a.s) yake da shi a tsakanin mutane barazana ce ga manufofinsa. Saboda haka ya shirya kisan Imam (a.s).
A cewar dukkanin manyan tarihi daga bangarorin biyu (Shi’a da wasu Ahlus Sunnah), cewa an bawa Imam (a.s) guba ne ta hanyar matarsa,
Mu’awiya ya kokari matuƙa wajan cimma manufar sa kan matar Imam (a.s) inda ya aika marwan domin ya yi iya kokarin shi wajan shawo kanta domin cimma manufarsa .
Bayan haka ya aika Yazid (dan Mu’awiya) da kudi kimanin dinari dubu ɗari ga Ja’uda (matar Imam) tare da yi mata alƙawarin aurar da ita ga Yazid idan ta kashe Imam Hasan (a.s), Wasu riwayoyi sun ce har gubar da zata bawa Imam (a.s) Mu’awiya ya aiko mata da ita, wasu kuma suka ce kudi kawai ya aika mata da kanta ta tanadi .
Mu’awiya ya kulla makirce-makirce da dama donmin kashe Imam (a.s) a ƙarshe a ranar 28 ga watan Safar, shekara ta 50 bayan Hijira, ya sa matarsa Ja’uda bint Ash’ath bin Qays ta bashi guba. Wannan shine sanadin da ya sa Imam (a.s) ya yi shahada cikin zalunci.
Bayanai da dama suna nuna cewa dalilin da ya sa Ja’uda ta yarda ta bawa Imam guba shi ne ƙiyayyar da ta ke yi masa. A cewar Imam Ja’far Sadiq (a.s):
Mahaifinta, Ash’ath bin Qays, ya nada hannu wajen kashe Imam Ali (a.s).
Kuma ɗan’uwanta, Muhammad, ya na da hannu a kisan Imam Husain (a.s) a Karbala.
Wannan yana nuna cewa dama tun farko dangin ta suna da ƙiyayya ga Ahlul Baiti(a.s).
Maƙiya ba su tsaya nan ba; bayan shahadarsa,
An rawaito daga mafi yawan littattafan tarihi na bangarorin Shi’a da Ahlus-Sunnah cewa Imam Hasan (a.s), ya ce:
> “An sha ba ni guba sau da dama a baya, amma babu ɗaya daga cikinsu da ya yi tasiri kamar wannan. A duk lokacin da aka ba ni guba nakan samu tsira, amma wannan ta ƙarshe ta kasance mai ƙarfi sosai, ta yanda har ta lalata min hanta ta baki daya.
Ibn Khallikan ya bayyana cewa Imam (a.s) ya rasu ne bayan watanni biyu da shan guba, kuma a cikin wannan wata biyun a kullum yana aman jini ne har zuwa ranar da yayi shahada.
WASIYYAR IMAM (A.S)GA IMAM HUSAIN (A.S):
Bayan an ba shi guba, Imam Hasan (a.s) ya fara jinya ta rashin lafiya. Lokacin da alamomin mutuwa suka bayyana, sai ya kira ɗan’uwansa Imam Husain (a.s), ya ce masa:
> “Ya ɗan’uwana, zan tafi in haɗu da Ubangijina. Na san wanda ya ba ni guba, kuma na san daga inda wannan fitina ta taso. Amma zan miƙa ƙarar wannan lamari ga Allah Maɗaukakin sarki. Ina roƙonka, kada ka faɗi wannan magana ga kowa, kuma ka jira hukuncin Allah.
Ya ci gaba da cewa:
idan na rasu, a kai ni kusa da kabarin kakana, Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w), don sabunta alƙawari. Sai sannan a binne ni kusa da kabarin kakata mai daraja, Sayyida Fatima bint Asad(mahaifiyar Imam Ali(a.s)).
Haka kuma ya cewa:
> “Lokacin jana’izata da binnewa, kada ku yi tashin hankali wanda jini ya zuba ko da kuwa daidai da na hawan jinya (hijama) ne.”
A Lokacin da aka ɗauki gawarshi zuwa kusa da kabarin Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w), Marwan ibn Hakam tare da jama’ar Banu Umayya suka fito da makamai, suka hana a binne shi a cikin ɗakin Manzo (s.a.a.w) kusa da ƙabarin shi.
Marwan ya ce:
> “Me ya sa za a binne Hasan bin Ali kusa da Annabi, alhali kuwa Uthman an binne shi a wajen Madina?”
Da wannan ne Banu Umayya suka hana a binne Imam (a.s) kusa da kabarin Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w). A nan ne A’isha bint Abi Bakr da Marwan bin Hakam suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen hana hakan.
Wasu riwayoyi sun ce Marwan ya kai labarin wasiyyar Imam ga Mu’awiya, sai Mu’awiya ya ba shi umarni da ya hana hakan da ƙarfi.
Yazo a cikin wasu ruwayoyin, cewa A’isha bint Abi Bakr ita ce ta fi tsaurara wajen hana a binne Imam (a.s) kusa da kabarin Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w). An ce ta hau jaki ta kira mutane, tana cewa:
> “Wannan gida gida na ne, ba zan bar wanda ban so a binne shi a cikinsa ba.”
Sai Ibn Abbas ya ce mata: “Shin, kina son ki maimaita abin da kika yi a ranar Jamal, har mutane su kira wannan rana ‘Yawmul Baghlah’ kamar yadda suka kira wancan rana ‘Yawmul Jamal’?”
Lokacin da suka hana a binne shi a kusa maaiki (s.a.w.w), rikici ya kusan tashi tsakanin Banu Hashim da Banu Umayya. Amma Imam Husain (a.s), bisa wasiyyar ɗan’uwansa, ya umarci Ibn Abbas da ya shawo kan jama’a, ya hana rikici da zubar jini. sannan aka kai Imam (a.s) zuwa Jannatul Baqi’,
A ƙarshe an binne Imam (a.s) a kusa da Fatima bint Asad (kakarshi). a makabartar al-Baqi’ a wadda take a Madina.
Akwai ra’ayoyi game da ranar shahadar shi
Wanda ra’ayi mafi inganci shi ne ranar 28 ga Safar, wanda mabiya Ahlul Baiti (a.s) suka ɗauka a matsayin ranar shahadar Imam Hasan (a.s).
Da yawan malamai Shi’a sun tabbatar da cewa ranar 28 Safar ita ce ranar Imam Hasan (a.s) ya yi shahada.
Sai dai wasu sun ce ranar 7 Safar, wasu kuma ƙarshen watan Safar.
yayin da mafi yawan marubutan Ahlus-Sunnah kuma suka ce watan Rabi’ul Awwal.
1- Wasu sun ce shekara ta 49 H.
2- Wasu sun ce shekara ta 50 H.
3-Wasu kuma sun ce shekara ta 51 H.
Duk da dai bisa binciken masana ya nuna lokacin da ya yi shahada shi ne a shekara ta 50 bayan Hijira.
Bayan da aka binne Imam (a.s), makabartar Baqi’ ta cika da jama’a. Mutane sun yi kuka sosai har na tsawon sati guda, kuma kasuwanni da saye da sayarwa suka dakata saboda makoki.
Lokacin da aka kai labarin shahadar Imam Hasan (a.s) ga Mu’awiya, duk da cewa yana so ya ɓoye rawar da ya taka wajan shahadantar da Imam (a.s), ya yi farin ciki sosai. An ce har ya yi sajdatu shukr. A wata ruwaya kuma, an ce lokacin da labarin ya iso gare shi, sai ya yi takbira, har ma mutanen Sham suka biyo shi da takbira. Matarsa, Fakhita, ta ce:
> “Ya amirul-mu’minin, me ya sa ka yi takbira?”
Sai Mu’awiya ya ce: “Hasan ya rasu.”
Fakhita ta ce: “Shin, saboda mutuwar ɗan Fadima kake murna?”
Mu’awiya ya ce: “Wallahi, ba don farin ciki da mutuwarsa ba, amma saboda na sami natsuwa daga wanzuwarsa.”
Bayan shahadar Imam (a.s), Mu’awiya ya cika alkawarin kuɗin da ya yi wa Ja’da (matar Imam waddata sa masa guba), amma ya hana aurar da ita ga ɗansa Yazid. Ya ce:
> “Matar da ta bawa Hasan bin Ali guba ba ta dace da ɗana Yazid ba.”
Darussa daga Shahadar Imam Hasan (a.s):
- Haƙuri da Tawakkali
Imam Hasan (a.s) ya nuna haƙuri a lokacin da aka bashi guba duk da tsananin ciwo da yasha fama. Bai nemi ɗaukar fansa da hannunsa ba, sai dai ya ce:
> “Na bar wannan lamari ga Allah, wanda azabarSa ta fi kowace azaba.”
Wannan darasi ne ga muminai cewa duk wani zalunci da muka fuskanta, ya kamata mu jingina ga hukuncin Allah, mu yi tawakkali gare Shi.
- Gujewa Rikici da Zubar Jini
Duk da cewa Banu Umayya sun hana binnewarsa kusa da kabarin Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w) kuma suka zagi Ahlul Baiti, Imam Hasan (a.s) ya yi wasiyya:
> “Kada ku zubar da jini saboda ni, ko da kuwa kamar jinin hijama (ƙanƙanin zuba jini) ne.”
Wannan darasi ne ga musulmi cewa kare addini da juriya sun fi daraja fiye da tashin hankali da fitina.
- Darajar Ahlul Baiti (a.s)
Duk da zaluncin da aka yi musu, jama’a sun cika Makabartar Baqi’, sun yi kuka har na tsawon sati guda, kasuwanni suka tsaya. Wannan ya nuna cewa soyayya da darajar Ahlul Baiti a cikin zukatan musulmi ba za a iya goge ta da ƙiyayyar maƙiya ba.
- Tsayin Daka wajen Kare Addini
Shahadar Imam Hasan (a.s) ta nuna cewa imamai sun sadaukar da rayuwarsu domin kare darajar Musulunci da gaskiyar Manzon Allah (s.a.w.w). Wannan darasi ne cewa mu ma a yau, ya kamata mu tsayu wajen kare gaskiya, addini, da rayuwar al’umma.
