Da sunan ALLAH mai rahama mai jin kai, ALLAH ya yi dadin tsira ga Annabi MUHAMMAD da Iyalan gidan sa tsarkaka.
Sayyida Zainab, jikar Annabi Muhammad (SAW) kuma ‘yar Amirul-Muminin Ali (AS) da Sayyida Fatima Azzahra (AS) ce. Mace ce mai hikima wadda ta nuna ƙarfin hali wajen kare manufofin juyin Ashura. Za a iya kasa tarihin rayuwar Sayyida Zainab (AS) zuwa gida uku: Haihuwar ta, Auren ta, da kuma waki’ar Ashura da rasuwarta.
Wannan rubutu zai mayar da hankali akan ɓangaren wafatin wannan babbar waliyiya, wadda ta rayuwa har tsawon shekaru 56 rayuwa mai cike da albarka ta ko wane fage, kuma an fi sanin ta da “Uwar Gidan Bani Hashim – عقیلة بني هاشم.
Kafin mu fara Magana akan wafatin na ta za mu so mu kawo takaitaccen tarihin haihuwarta.
Haihuwar Sayyida Zainab (AS)
Sayyida Zainab Alkubra (AS) ita ce ‘ya ta uku a cikin jerin ‘ya’yayen Imam Ali (AS) da Sayyida Fatima (AS), kuma ita ce farkon ‘yarsu mace, wadda tana daga cikin fitattun mutanen da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin Musulunci.
An haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Jumadal Ula, a shekara biyar bayan hijira ko ta shida (bayan sulhun Hudaybiyya kuma shekaru biyu bayan haihuwar Imam Husain bin Ali (AS), a unguwar Bani Hashim a birnin Madina mai alfarma.
Suna da laƙubban Sayyida Zainab (AS)
Ya zo a ruwayoyi da dama cewa, Annabi Muhammad (SAW) ne ya zaɓi sunan Sayyida Zainab (AS) ga ‘yar sa Sayyida Fatima (AS), kuma wannan suna Mala’ika Jibrilu ne ya faɗa wa Annabi (SAW) daga wurin Allah Madaukaki.
Sunan ta mai albarka, “Zainab”, wanda a yaren larabci hakan ya na nufin bishiya mai kyau da ƙamshi, ko kuma yana nufin “زين أب” wato ɗaukaka da zinariya ga uba. Kuniyar ta Ummul-Hasan da Ummu Kulthum ce.
Laƙubban ta da dama sun zo a cikin ruwayoyi, wanda su ne kamar haka:
Aqilat Bani Hashim, ‘عالمة غير معلمة (mace mai ilimin da ba’a koyar da ita ba), ‘Arifah, Muwaththaqah, Faḍilah, Kamilah, ‘Abidat Al ‘Ali, Ma‘aṣumat Ṣughra, Aminatullah, Na’ibat al-Zahra, Na’ibat al-Ḥusayn, Aqalat al-Nisa’, Sharikat al-Shuhada’, Balighah, Faṣiḥah da Sharikat al-Ḥusayn.
Ana kiran Sayyida Zaynab (AS) da laƙabin “Ummul-Maṣa’ib” (Uwar Masifu) saboda yawa da tsananin ƙalubalen da ta fuskanta a rayuwarta. Rasuwar kakanta Annabi (SAW), cutar da ta kama mahaifiyarta har zuwa shahadarta, shahadar mahaifinta Amirul-Mu’minin (AS), shahadar ɗan’uwanta Imam al-Mujtaba (AS), abin da ya faru a Karbala, da kuma kame ta tare da kai ta bauta zuwa Kufa da Sham—duk suna daga cikin mafi tsananin jarabawa da suka auku a rayuwarta.
Rasuwar Sayyida Zainab (AS) da wurin da aka binne ta
Ɗaya daga cikin tambayoyin da ake yawan yi game da wannan babbar waliyiya mai girma shi ne: ta yaya rasuwarta ta faru?
Babu tabbaci ko takamaimiyar Magana akan dalilin rasuwar Ummul-Masa’ib, Sayyida Zainab (a.s), kuma akwai ra’ayoyi daban-daban a kan haka.
A wasu maganganun ya zo cewa, Sayyada Zainab ta kamu da rashin lafiya ne sannan ta rasu ta hanyar dabi’a, ma’ana bawai an kasha ta bane, Wannan ra’ayi shi ne mafi kusanci da gaskiya duk da cewa akwai kaulin da ya ke cewa an shayar da ita guba ne wanda ta wannan hanyar ne tayi shahada, za mu kawo wannan kaulin a nan gaba.
Sayyida Zainab ta gamu da mawuyacin hali da takaici da yawa a cikin rayuwar ta, wanda hakan ya raunana lafiyarta har ya kai ga yi wafati.
Wata maganar tana cewa mutanen Yazidu la’ananne ne su ka shayar da Sayyada Zainab guba har ta yi shahada. Wannan ra’ayin ma bai yi nisa da gaskiya ba, domin Sayyida Zainab ta shaida duk abubuwan da suka faru a Karbala, kuma kasancewarta tana tunatar da mutane zaluncin da gwamnatin Yazid ta aikata—abun da Yazid ba zai iya jurewa ba. Tabbas, makiya ba sa barin shaida a hannun wani, kuma suna aikata irin waɗannan abubuwa a boye.
Duk da haka, yiwuwar shahadarta ta hannun mutanen Yazid ba abin kallo da ban mamaki ba ne, amma babu wani ingantaccen tarihi da ya tabbatar da hakan. Ra’ayin da ya fi ƙarfi kuma mafi karɓuwa shi ne cewa ta rasu ne saboda rashin lafiya da kuma wahalhalun da ta sha bayan faruwar Ashura. Bisa wannan ra’ayi, Sayyida Zainab (a.s) ta rasu ko ta yi shahada a sakamakon cuta ko raɗaɗin balain da ta sha, a lokacin da take da shekaru 57, a ƙasar Sham.
Kwanan watan rasuwar ta;
Akwai sabani a cikin tarihin ranar rasuwarta, amma sananne kuma mafi yawan ruwayoyi suna cewa ta rasu ne a ranar Lahadi, 15 ga watan Rajab, shekara ta 62 bayan Hijira.
Mabanbantan ra’ayi akan wurin da Sayyida Zainab (S) ta rasu;
Bayan abin da ya faru a Karbala, jawaban da Sayyida Zainab (a.s) ta yi da kuma yadda ta farkar da tunanin mutane, sun canja yanayin ra’ayin jama’ar da ke cikin Sham. Bayan dawowarta Madina, ta ci gaba da fadakar wa akan manufar kiyam din da Imam Husain (a.s) ya yi tare da bayyana zaluncin Yazidu la’ananne, har ta kai ga tayar da hankalin mutane kan azzalumai. Saboda haka, gwamnan Madina ya rubuta wa Yazid cewa: “Zaman Zainab a tsakanin mutanen Madina yana motsa zukata. Ita mace ce mai balaga, basira, da hankalta. Ita da wadanda suke tare da ita sun kuduri aniyar yin kiyam domin neman hakkin jinin Imam Husain.”
Yazid ya umurci a kori ragowar Ahlulbait zuwa birane da yankuna daban-daban domin tarwatsasu. Gwamnan ya bukaci Sayyida Zainab (a.s) ta bar Madina, ta zauna duk inda ta ga dama.
Ya zo a wasu maganganun cewa, Sayyida Zainab ta tafi Sham sannan ta rasu a can.
Wasu kuma sun ce ta yi hijira zuwa Masar, inda ta rasu ranar 15 ga watan Rajab shekara ta 62 Hijri.
Wasu malaman tarihin sun yi imani cewa kabarin Sayyida Zainab (S) yana cikin Masar. Muhimmin littafin da ya kawo wannan ra’ayi kuma mutane suka dogara da shi shi ne Akhbaruz-Zainabat rubutun ‘Ubaydili al-Nassabah.
Saiyid Mohsin al-Amin ya bayyana cewa kabarinta yana Madinah, a makabartar Baqi’.
Ya zo a cikin littafin khairul hasanat cewa; lokacin da yunwa ta yi tsanani a Madina, Sayyida Zainab ta tafi Sham tare da mijinta Abdullah bin Ja’far, inda suka mallaki wani yanki na ƙasa. wanad a can ne Sayyida Zainab ta rasu a shekara ta 65 Hijri, kuma a wurin aka binne ta.
Mafi ingancin ra’ayi;
Yiwuwar cewa Sayyida Zainab (S) an binne ta a birnin Sham — duk da ƙarancin shaidun tarihi — ita ce ra’ayi mafi ƙarfi, cikawa, kuma mafi ƙarfin hujja idan aka kwatanta da sauran ra’ayoyi.
